Antibodies targeting programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) or its ligand PD-L1 rescue T
cells from exhausted status and revive immune response against cancer cells. Based on the …

Abstract The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway plays a crucial role in various
cellular processes and is aberrantly activated in cancers, contributing to the occurrence and …

Angiogenesis is an essential process in normal development and in adult physiology, but
can be disrupted in numerous diseases. The concept of targeting angiogenesis for treating …

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been extensively investigated for decades for tumor
treatment because of its non-invasiveness, spatiotemporal selectivity, lower side-effects, and …

Abnormal vasculature is one of the most conspicuous traits of tumor tissue, largely
contributing to tumor immune evasion. The deregulation mainly arises from the potentiated …

Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) concentrations from patients with cancer are often elevated
compared with those of healthy controls, but the sources of this extra cfDNA have never …

The discovery of vascular endothelial-derived growth factor (VEGF) has revolutionized our
understanding of vasculogenesis and angiogenesis during development and physiological …

Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) activates host's anti-tumor immune response by blocking
negative regulatory immune signals. A series of clinical trials showed that ICI could …

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death across the world. Unlike lung
adenocarcinoma, patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) have not benefitted …

Diabetes Mellitus Type II (DM2) is a growing international health concern with no end in
sight. Complications of DM2 involve a myriad of comorbidities including the serious …