Ischemic stroke, which accounts for 75–80% of all strokes, is the predominant cause of
morbidity and mortality worldwide. The post-stroke immune response has recently emerged …

Experimental models have often been at the origin of immunological paradigms such as the
M1/M2 dichotomy following macrophage polarization. However, this clear dichotomy in …

Microglia are resident macrophages of the CNS that are involved in its development,
homeostasis and response to infection and damage. Microglial activation is a common …

Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) is the most lethal subtype of stroke but currently lacks
effective treatment. Microglia are among the first non-neuronal cells on the scene during the …

Spinal cord injury (SCI), for which there currently is no cure, is a heavy burden on patient
physiology and psychology. The microenvironment of the injured spinal cord is complicated …

Microglia are resident macrophages of the central nervous system and significantly
contribute to overall brain function by participating in phagocytosis during development …

The alternatively activated or M2 macrophages are immune cells with high phenotypic
heterogeneity and are governing functions at the interface of immunity, tissue homeostasis …

Microglia are critical nervous system‐specific immune cells serving as tissue‐resident
macrophages influencing brain development, maintenance of the neural environment …

Microglia/macrophages are the major immune cells involved in the defence against brain
damage. Their morphology and functional changes are correlated with the release of danger …

Background Microglia, the principle immune cells of the brain, play important roles in
neuronal development, homeostatic function and neurodegenerative disease. Recent …