Street canyons are generally highly polluted urban environments due to high traffic
emissions and impeded dispersion. Green infrastructure (GI) is one potential passive control …

Air pollution caused by particulate matter (PM) is a well-known health issue in urban
environments. Urban green infrastructure offers opportunities as a nature-based solution to …

Heavy metals (HMs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are toxic components of
atmospheric particles. These pollutants induce a wide variety of responses in plants, leading …

Most of the world's population is exposed to highly polluted air conditions exceeding the
WHO limits, causing various human diseases that lead towards increased morbidity as well …

Increasing population and urbanization, with climate change consequences, such as rising
temperatures, influence public health and well-being. The search to improve the quality of …

Vertical Green Structures (VGS) emerged as a building skin Nature-based Solution (NbS)
aside from green roofs. The motivation underlying this VGS exploitation is fast urbanisation …

Green walls have previously demonstrated the capacity to reduce particulate matter (PM),
noise pollution, and temperature conditions in manipulative experiments and computational …

Suspended particulate matter (PM) constitutes a major problem in urban areas. Air
purification of polluted cities is critical for protecting the increasing population. PM deposited …

Vertical greening systems (VGSs) represent an emerging technology within the field of
building-integrated horticulture that have been used to help counteract the global issues of …

Green infrastructure (GI) is already known to be a suitable way to enhance air quality in
urban environments. Living wall systems (LWS) can be implemented in locations where …