Context: The overhand pitch is one of the fastest known human motions and places
enormous forces and torques on the upper extremity. Shoulder and elbow pain and injury …

Objective Arm injuries in baseball players are a common problem. The identification of
modifiable risk factors, including range of motion (ROM), is essential for injury prevention …

Background: Pitching-related elbow injuries remain prevalent across all levels of baseball.
Elbow valgus torque has been identified as a modifiable risk factor of injuries to the ulnar …

Purpose To determine if shoulder and elbow kinematics, pitching velocity and accuracy, and
pain change during a simulated baseball game in adolescent pitchers. Methods Adolescent …

Background Research has shown that diminished lumbopelvic control has a negative effect
on pitching performance and can lead to more days on the disabled list. Despite the …

Background: Elbow injury rates among baseball pitchers are rapidly rising. However, this
increase has been most dramatic among high school (HS) pitchers. Purpose: To examine …

Controversy continues whether curveballs are stressful for young baseball pitchers.
Furthermore, it is unproven whether professional baseball pitchers have fewer kinematic …

Shoulder injuries in overhead throwing athletes are very common. Throwing volume and
mechanical forces that are placed on the glenohumeral joint and associated soft tissue …

Purpose The purposes of this study were 1) to investigate the transfer of energy through the
kinetic chain by youth baseball pitchers during the pitching motion and 2) to provide insight …

Conceptually, an efficient baseball pitch demonstrates a proximal-to-distal transfer of
segmental angular velocity. Such a timing pattern (or kinematic sequence) reduces stress on …