Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the cause of COVID-19, is
reported to increase the rate of mortality worldwide. COVID-19 is associated with acute …

Apelin is a natural ligand for the G protein-coupled receptor APJ, and the apelin/APJ system
is widely distributed in vivo. Among the apelin family, apelin-13 is the major apelin isoform in …

Background Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress play important roles in early brain
injury following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). This study is the first to show that …

Aberrant production of adipokines, a group of adipocytes-derived hormones, is considered
one of the most important pathological characteristics of obesity. In individuals with obesity …

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease
(PD), Huntington's disease (HD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), are disorders …

Ischemic stroke is a typical cerebrovascular illness with high morbidity and mortality
worldwide. Nevertheless, strategies for the prevention and treatment of cerebral …

Abstract Parkinson's disease (PD), a common human neurodegenerative disorder, is
characterized by the presence of intraneuronal Lewy bodies composed principally of …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons
in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Several brain–gut peptides are able to exert …

Apelin is an endogenous ligand of G protein-coupled receptor APJ. In recent years, many
studies have shown that the apelin/APJ system has neuroprotective properties, such as anti …

Although Parkinson's disease (PD) is well known with its motor deficits, the patients often
suffer from cognitive dysfunction. Apelin, as the endogenous ligand of the APJ receptor, is …