Past, present and future of xanthine oxidase inhibitors: design strategies, structural and pharmacological insights, patents and clinical trials

A Singh, K Singh, A Sharma, K Kaur… - RSC Medicinal …, 2023 - pubs.rsc.org
Xanthine oxidase, a molybdo-flavoenzyme, and an isoform of xanthine dehydrogenase both
exist as xanthine oxidoreductase and are responsible for purine catabolism. Xanthine …

Inhibitors of xanthine oxidase: scaffold diversity and structure‐based drug design

G Luna, AV Dolzhenko, RL Mancera - ChemMedChem, 2019 - Wiley Online Library
Xanthine oxidase (XO) is the enzyme responsible for the catabolism of purines and their
conversion into uric acid. XO is thus the target for the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout …

Xanthine oxidase inhibitors: patent landscape and clinical development (2015–2020)

JV Singh, PMS Bedi, H Singh… - Expert Opinion on …, 2020 - Taylor & Francis
Introduction Xanthine oxidase (XO) is a molybdoflavoprotein that catalyzes the oxidative
hydroxylation of purines to produce uric acid and reactive oxygen species. These reaction …

An updated patent review: xanthine oxidase inhibitors for the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout (2011-2015)

R Ojha, J Singh, A Ojha, H Singh… - Expert opinion on …, 2017 - Taylor & Francis
Introduction: Xanthine oxidase (XO) is a versatile molybdoflavoprotein, widely distributed,
occurring in milk, kidney, lung, heart, and vascular endothelium. Catalysis by XO to produce …

Pathology, target discovery, and the evolution of XO inhibitors from the first discovery to recent advances (2020–2023)

N Kumar, K Kaur, N Kaur, E Singh, PMS Bedi - Bioorganic Chemistry, 2024 - Elsevier
Hyperuricemia, a disease characterized by elevation of serum uric acid level beyond 6
mg/dL. This elevation led to appearance of symptoms from joint pain to gout and from gout to …

Synthesis, screening and docking of fused pyrano [3, 2-d] pyrimidine derivatives as xanthine oxidase inhibitor

M Kaur, A Kaur, S Mankotia, H Singh, A Singh… - European Journal of …, 2017 - Elsevier
In view of developing effective xanthine oxidase (XO) enzyme inhibitors, a series of 100
pyrano [3, 2-d] pyrimidine derivatives was synthesized and evaluated for its in vitro XO …

Triazole derivatives as potential xanthine oxidase inhibitors: Design, enzyme inhibition potential, and docking studies

HK Gulati, A Khanna, N Kumar, A Sharma… - Archiv der …, 2024 - Wiley Online Library
Considerable ingenuity has been shown in the recent years in the discovery of novel
xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitors that fall outside the purine scaffold. The triazole nucleus …

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel indolinedione–coumarin hybrids as xanthine oxidase inhibitors

HK Gulati, K Bhagat, A Singh, N Kumar, A Kaur… - Medicinal Chemistry …, 2020 - Springer
A library of indolinedione–coumarin hybrid molecules was rationally designed and
synthesized against hyperuricemia. All of the synthesized hybrid molecules were tested to …

Benzoflavone derivatives as potent antihyperuricemic agents

JV Singh, G Mal, G Kaur, MK Gupta, A Singh… - …, 2019 - pubs.rsc.org
Two series of benzoflavone derivatives were rationally designed, synthesized and evaluated
for their xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory potential. Among both series, eight compounds (NF …

Thiazole-5-carboxylic acid derivatives as potent xanthine oxidase inhibitors: design, synthesis, in vitro evaluation, and molecular modeling studies

G Kaur, JV Singh, MK Gupta, K Bhagat… - Medicinal Chemistry …, 2020 - Springer
A series of 22 compounds of thiazole-5-carboxylic acid derivatives was rationally designed
and synthesized. All the compounds were characterized by using 1 H and 13 C NMR and …