Bone remodeling is tightly regulated by a cross-talk between bone-forming osteoblasts and
bone-resorbing osteoclasts. Osteoblasts and osteoclasts communicate with each other to …

The immune and skeletal systems share a variety of molecules, including cytokines,
chemokines, hormones, receptors, and transcription factors. Bone cells interact with immune …

Osteoclasts are large multinucleated bone-resorbing cells formed by the fusion of monocyte/
macrophage-derived precursors that are thought to undergo apoptosis once resorption is …

The bone is an essential organ for locomotion and protection of the body, as well as
hematopoiesis and mineral homeostasis. In order to exert these functions throughout life …

Coupling between bone formation and bone resorption refers to the process within basic
multicellular units in which resorption by osteoclasts is met by the generation of osteoblasts …

The bioactive sphingolipid metabolite sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is now recognized as
a critical regulator of many physiological and pathophysiological processes, including …

Bone metabolism is regulated by the cooperative activity between bone-forming osteoblasts
and bone-resorbing osteoclasts. However, the mechanisms mediating the switch between …

As the only cells definitively shown to degrade bone, osteoclasts are key mediators of
skeletal diseases including osteoporosis. Bone-forming osteoblasts, and hematopoietic and …

Much has been learned about how cells enter lymphoid tissues. But how do they leave?
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) has emerged over the past decade as a central mediator of …

OBJECTIVES: To review the current literature on the regulation of bone remodelling at the
cellular level. DESIGN AND METHODS: The cellular activities of the cells in the basic …