With the drastic inclination towards reduction of atmospheric issues, hybrid electric vehicles
are becoming the major alternative for internal combustion engine vehicles. Compared to …

Fossil fuel depletion and its adverse impact on global warming is a major driving force for a
recent upsurge in the development of hybrid electric vehicles technologies. This paper is a …

In this article, we address the following question: Which of the many CFD models should a
designer use for battery thermal analysis? We present a comparative study of four thermo …

Batteries are known as energy storage units relating between generators and consumers.
From known batteries, Lead acid battery is attentional because of low cost …

The main contributions of this study are, first, developing an efficient reduced-order model
(ROM) to fast and accurately simulate the temperature rise and electrochemical behavior of …

In this paper, a comparison between GAs and PSO Approaches is considered to select and
generate an optimal duty cycle which varies with photovoltaic parameter in order to extract …

The real-time battery monitoring often involves two contradicting requirements, ie, high
accurate modeling and low computational time. The main contribution of this study is …

The modeling and control of a stand-alone solar photovoltaic with battery backup-based
hybrid system is implemented in this paper. Normally, a hybrid PV system needs a complex …

The main contribution of this study is developing an efficient reduced-order model for
accurate real-time simulation of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). The basis …

Lead-acid batteries with the largest markets among all kinds of batteries have advantages of
mature technology, low price, good high/low temperature stability, high reliability, high safety …