Biomolecular condensate formation has been implicated in a host of biological processes
and has found relevance in biology and disease. Understanding the physical principles and …

A striking feature of nucleic acids and lipid membranes is that they all carry net negative
charge and so is true for the majority of intracellular proteins. It is suggested that the role of …

A theory for sequence-dependent liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) of intrinsically
disordered proteins (IDPs) in the study of biomolecular condensates is formulated by …

Stress granules (SGs) are large ribonucleoprotein assemblies that form in response to acute
stress in eukaryotes. SG formation is thought to be initiated by liquid–liquid phase …

Motivation Liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) enables compartmentalization in cells
without biological membranes. LLPS plays essential roles in membraneless organelles such …

Optimizing pharmacokinetic properties remains challenging but is generally guided by a set
of structural rules. However, no such rule set exists for intracellular distribution. Kilgore et al …

A principal challenge in computational modeling of macromolecules is the vast
conformational space that arises out of large numbers of atomic degrees of freedom …

Intrinsically-disordered regions (IDRs) promote intracellular phase separation and the
formation of biomolecular condensates through interactions encoded in their primary …

Background Proteins self-organize in dynamic cellular environments by assembling into
reversible biomolecular condensates through liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). These …

The cellular interior is characterised by high concentrations of macromolecules. Compared
with dilute conditions, the crowd modifies proteins' ability to fold, diffuse and, ultimately, carry …