The onset of heart failure is typically preceded by cardiac hypertrophy, a response of the
heart to increased workload, a cardiac insult such as a heart attack or genetic mutation …

Exercise elicits coordinated multi-organ responses including skeletal muscle, vasculature,
heart, and lung. In the short term, the output of the heart increases to meet the demand of …

This review explains how the heart responds to physiologic or pathologic conditions.
Exercise, pregnancy, and postnatal growth cause physiologic growth; neurohumoral …

Cardiac hypertrophy is a well known response to increased hemodynamic load. Mechanical
stress is considered to be the trigger inducing a growth response in the overloaded …

Ventricular hypertrophy develops in response to numerous forms of cardiac stress, including
pressure or volume overload, loss of contractile mass from prior infarction, neuroendocrine …

Physiological hypertrophy represents the adaptive changes of the heart required for
supporting the increased hemodynamic load in regularly trained healthy subjects …

Background: Several experimental investigations have emphasized the favorable effects of
insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) on left ventricular remodeling, partly through its …

How an individual's sex and genetic background modify cardiac adaptation to increased
workload is a topic of great interest. We systematically evaluated morphological and …

In 76 patients with heart failure (HF)(New York Heart Association [NYHA] classes I through
IV) and in 15 control subjects, cardiac angiotensin II (Ang II) generation and its relationship …

Mechanical factors play a key role in activation of cardiac growth factor response in
hemodynamic overload, and both cooperate in myocardial remodeling. The present study …