1. INTRODUCTION In 1964, Khoobiar reported that WO3 is reduced by H2 to blue WO3− x
when it is in contact with a Pt catalyst. 1 The blue color appears because hydrogen atoms …

It is possible to say that zeolites are the most widely used catalysts in industry. They are
crystalline microporous materials which have become extremely successful as catalysts for …

Acid-catalyzed reactions are by far the most numerous and best-studied reaction type, 1-5 in
which organic functional groups undergo an array of different transformations with …

Current interest in reacting carbonyl-containing molecules in aqueous media is primarily
due to the growing emphasis on conversion of biomass to fuels and chemicals. Recently …

Zirconium oxide, or zirconia, when modified with anions such as sulfate ions forms a highly
acidic or superacidic catalyst depending on the treatment conditions. This catalyst is found to …

Tungsten oxide species form strong acid sites on ZrO2supports and inhibit ZrO2crystallite
sintering and tetragonal to monoclinic structural transformations. W-LIX-ray absorption near …

This review article deals with recent progress in the preparation of sulfated zirconia (SZ)-
bassed, strong solid-acid catalysts, the characterization of their physicochemical properties …

The isomerization of alkanes into corresponding branched isomers is one of the important
processes in petroleum refining. Though the so-called bifunctional catalysts are used in …

This article provides an overview of the advances that have been marked during the last
decades in the field of hydroconversion of high n‐alkanes (C7+) with particular stress on the …

Recent works on preparation of solid superacid catalysts which are active for reactions of
butanes and pentanes are reviewed. Sulfated metal oxides are obtained by adsorbing …