Lactase persistence—the ability of adults to digest the lactose in milk—varies widely in
frequency across human populations. This trait represents an adaptation to the …

The first decade of ancient genomics has revolutionized the study of human prehistory and
evolution. We review new insights based on prehistoric modern human genomes, including …

More than two hundred papers have reported genome-wide data from ancient humans.
While the raw data for the vast majority are fully publicly available testifying to the …

Modern humans appeared in Europe by at least 45,000 years ago 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, but the extent
of their interactions with Neanderthals, who disappeared by about 40,000 years ago 6, and …

The grey wolf (Canis lupus) was the first species to give rise to a domestic population, and
they remained widespread throughout the last Ice Age when many other large mammal …

By sequencing 727 ancient individuals from the Southern Arc (Anatolia and its neighbors in
Southeastern Europe and West Asia) over 10,000 years, we contextualize its Chalcolithic …

We assembled genome-wide data from 271 ancient Iberians, of whom 176 are from the
largely unsampled period after 2000 BCE, thereby providing a high-resolution time transect …

RATIONALE To elucidate the extent to which the major cultural transformations of farming,
pastoralism, and shifts in the distribution of languages in Eurasia were accompanied by …

Summary Northern East Asia was inhabited by modern humans as early as 40 thousand
years ago (ka), as demonstrated by the Tianyuan individual. Using genome-wide data …

From around 2750 to 2500 bc, Bell Beaker pottery became widespread across western and
central Europe, before it disappeared between 2200 and 1800 bc. The forces that propelled …