Activity-dependent synaptic plasticity occurs in several parts of the basal ganglia. Increasing
evidence supports the hypothesis that activity-dependent plasticity underlies the acquisition …

Reinforcement learning is ubiquitous. Unlike other forms of learning, it involves the
processing of fast yet content-poor feedback information to correct assumptions about the …

Dopamine‐dependent synaptic plasticity is a candidate mechanism for reinforcement
learning. A silent eligibility trace–initiated by synaptic activity and transformed into synaptic …

Nigro-striatal dopamine transmission is central to a wide range of neuronal functions,
including skill learning, which is disrupted in several pathologies such as Parkinson's …

Signal communication mechanisms within the human body rely on the transmission and
modulation of action potentials. Replicating the interdependent functions of receptors …

Biological‐machine interface (BMI) devices represent a significant step toward adaptive and
cognitive technologies. However, current BMI devices emphasize the analysis of …

Nonvolatile photonic memory cells are basic building blocks for neuromorphic hardware
enabling the realization of all‐optical synapses and artificial neurons. These devices …

In this book, we put forward an obvious claim, yet one which is surprisingly difficult to accept
for most of those who practice the cognitive sciences as they have developed until today …

Long-term memory in the prefrontal cortex is a necessary component of adaptive executive
control and is strongly modulated by dopamine. However, the functional significance of this …

Neural synchronization is of wide interest in neuroscience and has been argued to form the
substrate for conscious attention to stimuli, movement preparation, and the maintenance of …