Multiple studies in humans and animals have demonstrated the profound impact that
exercise can have on the immune system. There is a general consensus that regular bouts …

This review summarizes research discoveries within 4 areas of exercise immunology that
have received the most attention from investigators:(1) acute and chronic effects of exercise …

Epidemiological evidence indicates that regular physical activity and/or frequent structured
exercise reduces the incidence of many chronic diseases in older age, including …

The modern-day athlete participating in elite sports is exposed to high training loads and
increasingly saturated competition calendar. Emerging evidence indicates that inappropriate …

Background Although there is substantial interest in intermittent fasting as a dietary
approach in active individuals, information regarding its effects in elite endurance athletes is …

The term “food first” has been widely accepted as the preferred strategy within sport nutrition,
although there is no agreed definition of this and often limited consideration of the …

Numerous studies over the last 35 years report an increase in upper respiratory infection
(URI) symptoms in athletes during periods of heavy training and competition. Challenges …

Respiratory and gastrointestinal infections limit an athlete's availability to train and compete.
To better understand how sick an athlete will become when they have an infection, a …

In this consensus statement on immunonutrition and exercise, a panel of knowledgeable
contributors from across the globe provides a consensus of updated science, including the …

Objectives Illness can disrupt training and competition performance of athletes. Few studies
have quantified the relative contribution of the known medical, behavioural and lifestyle risk …