Background Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, known as free radicals, play a key role
in the etiology and progression of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease by creating …

Preconditioning is a phenomenon in which brief episodes of a sublethal insult induce robust
protection against subsequent lethal injuries. Preconditioning has been observed in multiple …

Protein oxidative modifications, also known as protein oxidation, are a major class of protein
posttranslational modifications. They are caused by reactions between protein amino acid …

Blood–brain barrier (BBB) leakage plays a key role in cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury.
It is quite necessary to further explore the characteristic and mechanism of BBB leakage …

Background and Purpose—The purpose of this study was to demonstrate a new approach to
the use of a self-expanding stent in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. Methods—Twenty …

Remote ischemic postconditioning (RIP) refers to an ischemia conducted in a distant organ
that protects against a prior ischemia in another organ. We tested whether RIP protects …

Bacterial populations have a remarkable capacity to cope with extreme environmental
fluctuations in their natural environments. In certain cases, adaptation to one stressful …

The mitochondrion is the most important organelle in determining continued cell survival
and cell death. Mitochondrial dysfunction leads to many human maladies, including …

Background and Purpose—Making a limb transiently ischemic has been shown to induce
ischemic tolerance in a distant organ. This phenomenon is known as remote ischemic limb …

Prompt reperfusion after cerebral ischemia is critical for neuronal survival. Any strategies
that extend the limited reperfusion window will be of great importance. Acidic …