In the context of a recent massive increase in research on plant root functions and their
impact on the environment, root ecologists currently face many important challenges to keep …

Fungi are an understudied, biotechnologically valuable group of organisms. Due to the
immense range of habitats that fungi inhabit, and the consequent need to compete against a …

Plants can no longer be considered as standalone entities and a more holistic perception is
needed. Indeed, plants harbor a wide diversity of microorganisms both inside and outside …

Agriculture is responsible for over half of the input of reactive nitrogen (N) to terrestrial
systems; however improving N availability remains the primary management technique to …

Trade-offs and synergies in the supply of forest ecosystem services are common but the
drivers of these relationships are poorly understood. To guide management that seeks to …

Despite decades of research progress, ecologists are still debating which pools and fluxes
provide nitrogen (N) to plants and soil microbes across different ecosystems …

Understanding the context dependence of ecosystem responses to global changes requires
the development of new conceptual frameworks. Here we propose a framework for …

Traits are inherent properties of organisms, but how are they defined for organismal
networks such as mycorrhizal symbioses? Mycorrhizal symbioses are complex and diverse …

In the fungal kingdom, the ectomycorrhizal (EcM) symbiosis has evolved independently in
multiple groups that are referred to as lineages. A growing number of molecular studies in …

Contemporary soil science and conservation methods of effective forestry Forests and the
soils that serve as their foundation cover almost a third of the world's land area. Soils …