Equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) have long been studied and are becoming increasingly
important because they cause severe scintillations in radio waves from Global Navigation …

Air navigation is increasingly dependent on the use of Global Navigation Satellite Systems
(GNSS). It allows the determination of the aircraft's position in all phases of the flight and …

This paper investigates the statistical features of equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) using
airglow images from 2012 to 2014 from a ground‐based network of four imagers in the …

The Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) three‐dimensional simulation code SAMI3/ESF is
used to study the long time evolution of equatorial spread F (ESF) bubbles. The ESF …

As part of the SpreadFEx campaign, coordinated optical and radio measurements were
made from Brazil to investigate the occurrence and properties of equatorial Spread F, and to …

On the night of 4 March 2014, the Hainan COherent Scatter Phased Array Radar (HCOPAR)
observed two irregularities appearing simultaneously in the radar scope at different height …

We report image measurements of plasma depletions in the equatorial F region ionosphere
over Christmas Island (2.1° N, 157.4° W; dip latitude 2.8° N) in the central Pacific Ocean. The …

We present OI (630.0 nm) airglow image data from Ascension Island (geographic: 7.9° S,
14.4° W; dip latitude: 16° S) in the southern Atlantic Ocean taken with the Utah State …

Equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) are ionospheric irregularities that can significantly impact
radio communication, causing signal scintillation that leads to signal loss and error in …

We report first simultaneous airglow, lidar, and total electron content measurements in the
mesosphere‐thermosphere‐ionosphere system behavior from Gadanki (13.5° N, 79.2° E) …