Loss of functional β-cell mass is the key mechanism leading to the two main forms of
diabetes mellitus—type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) …

Summary Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is widely considered to result from the autoimmune
destruction of insulin-producing β cells. This concept has been a central tenet for decades of …

Previous studies showed a low-grade enterovirus infection in the pancreatic islets of patients
with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes (T1D). In the Diabetes Virus Detection (DiViD) …

Background Plasma insulin levels are predominantly the product of the morphological mass
of insulin producing beta cells in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans and the functional …

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is caused by progressive autoimmune-mediated loss of
pancreatic β-cell mass via apoptosis. The onset of T1DM depends on environmental factors …

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from a T cell–mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells
following the infiltration of leukocytes (including CD8+, CD4+, and CD20+ cells) into and …

There has been an alarming increase in the prevalence of obesity in people with type 1
diabetes in recent years. Although obesity has long been recognized as a major risk factor …

In cells experiencing unrelieved endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, the ER transmembrane
kinase/endoribonuclease (RNase)—IRE1α—endonucleolytically degrades ER-localized …

Many patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have residual β cells producing small amounts of
C-peptide long after disease onset but develop an inadequate glucagon response to …

Summary Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease that involves immune-
mediated destruction of β cells. How β cells respond to immune attack is unknown. We …