Several epidemiologic and toxicological studies have commonly viewed ambient fine
particulate matter (PM2. 5), defined as particles having an aerodynamic diameter of less …

Outdoor air pollution is a major contributor to the burden of disease worldwide. Most of the
global population resides in places where air pollution levels, because of emissions from …

Although air pollution is well known to be harmful to the lung and airways, it can also
damage most other organ systems of the body. It is estimated that about 500,000 lung …

Air pollution is strongly tied to climate change. Industrialization and fossil fuel combustion
are the main contributors leading to climate change, also being significant sources of air …

Abstract According to the “Developmental Origins of Health and Disease”(DOHaD) concept,
the early-life environment is a critical period for fetal programming. Given the …

Background Fossil fuel combustion by-products, including particulate matter (PM 2.5),
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2) and carbon dioxide (CO 2) …

Background: A causal link between outdoor air pollution and childhood leukemia has been
proposed, but some older studies suffer from methodological drawbacks. To the best of our …

Background Whether socioeconomic indicators modify the relationship between air pollution
exposure and health outcomes remains uncertain, especially in developing countries …

The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) concept postulates that in utero
exposures influence fetal programming and health in later life. Throughout pregnancy, the …

Most studies have examined PM2. 5 effects on lung cancer mortalities, while few nationwide
studies have been conducted in developing countries to estimate the effects of PM2. 5 on …