Hemodynamic assessment is an integral part of the diagnosis and management of
cardiovascular disease. Four-dimensional cardiovascular magnetic resonance flow imaging …

Pulsatile blood flow through the cavities of the heart and great vessels is time-varying and
multidirectional. Access to all regions, phases and directions of cardiovascular flows has …

Traditionally, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of flow using phase contrast (PC) methods
is accomplished using methods that resolve single‐directional flow in two spatial …

Bicuspid aortic valve disease is the most common congenital cardiac disorder, being
present in 1% to 2% of the general population. Associated aortopathy is a common finding in …

Fluid Mechanics: Fundamentals and Applications is written for the first fluid mechanics
course for undergraduate engineering students, with sufficient material for a two-course …

Background Phase contrast cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is able to measure
all three directional components of the velocities of blood flow relative to the three spatial …

Purpose To generate fully automated and fast 4D‐flow MRI‐based 3D segmentations of the
aorta using deep learning for reproducible quantification of aortic flow, peak velocity, and …

In-plane phase-contrast (PC) imaging is now a routine component of MRI of regional blood
flow in the heart and great vessels. In-plane PC MRI provides a volumetric, isotropic, time …

Background Wall shear stress (WSS) is a stimulus for vessel wall remodeling. Differences in
ascending aorta (AA o) hemodynamics have been reported between bicuspid aortic valve …

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) phase contrast imaging has undergone a wide
range of changes with the development and availability of improved calibration procedures …