Hyponatremia is defined as a decrease in the serum sodium concentration to a level below
136 mmol per liter. Whereas hypernatremia always denotes hypertonicity, hyponatremia can …

Lang, Florian, Gillian L. Busch, Markus Ritter, Harald Völkl, Siegfried Waldegger, Erich
Gulbins, and Dieter Häussinger. Functional Significance of Cell Volume Regulatory …

Hyponatraemia, defined as a serum sodium concentration< 135 mmol/l, is the most common
disorder of body fluid and electrolyte balance encountered in clinical practice. It can lead to …

Obesity, type 2 diabetes, and their associated comorbidities impact brain metabolism and
function and constitute risk factors for cognitive impairment. Alterations to taurine …

Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte disorder, affecting more than 15% of patients
in the hospital. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (SIAD) is the most frequent cause of …

Disorders of body fluids are among the most commonly encountered problems in the
practice of clinical medicine. This is in large part because many different disease states can …

Virtually all investigators now agree that self-induced water intoxication, symptomatic
hospital-acquired hyponatremia, and hyponatremia associated with intracranial pathology …

Hyponatremia is defined by low serum sodium concentration and is the most common
electrolyte disorder encountered in clinical practice. Serum sodium is the main determinant …

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate whether hyponatremia is a risk factor
of overt hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in cirrhosis. METHODS: A total of 61 patients with …

Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte abnormality in hospitalized patients. When
symptomatic (hyponatremic encephalopathy), the overall morbidity is 34%. Individuals most …