Since Pakistan was founded in 1947, its army has dominated the state. The military
establishment has locked the country in an enduring rivalry with India, with the primary aim …

Since at least Cicero, we have known that “money is the sinew of war.” Is it possible for a
political economy of security (PES) subfield to contribute knowledge beyond Cicero's claim …

Negotiating a peaceful end to civil wars, which often includes an attempt to bring together
former rival military or insurgent factions into a new national army, has been a frequent goal …

This article develops an analytical model of force composition that combines the advantages
of conscription with those of an all-volunteer force. Using Israel as a hypothesis-generating …

Armies always reward soldiers in ways that are valuable in civilian life. Soldiers figure in two
simultaneous reward systems: material rewards and symbolic rewards that stem from the …

The ethnic composition of state security forces is believed to have important effects on the
dynamics of conflict processes, but data limitations have impeded our ability to test such …

This article addresses the issue of what happens after a civil war ends. In particular it traces
the development of political authoritarianism from an initial multiparty democracy and …

Scholarship on racial attitudes has found that white veterans of World War II and the Korean
War had more positive views of blacks than white civilians. However, more recent studies …

Recent US military engagements in the Middle East have drawn public attention to the
thorny issue of religion in the armed forces but the scholarship on religion in the military lags …

Are countries that use conscription more restrained in their use of military force? A common
argument holds that military conscription restrains leaders from using force because it …