Magnetotactic bacteria were discovered almost 30 years ago, and for many years and many
different reasons, the number of researchers working in this field was few and progress was …

Gram-negative bacteria contain a double membrane which serves for both protection and for
providing nutrients for viability. The outermost of these membranes is called the outer …

Cells precisely monitor the concentration and functionality of each protein for optimal
performance. Protein quality control involves molecular chaperones, folding catalysts, and …

Misfolding or unfolding of polypeptides can occur as a consequence of environmental stress
and spontaneous mutation. The abundance of general chaperones and proteases suggests …

The 5.67-megabase genome of the plant pathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58
consists of a circular chromosome, a linear chromosome, and two plasmids. Extensive …

Mitochondria are 'life-essential'organelles for the production of metabolic energy in the form
of ATP. Paradoxically mitochondria also play a key role in controlling the pathways that lead …

Environmental stress responses in Lactobacillus, which have been investigated mainly by
proteomics approaches, are reviewed. The physiological and molecular mechanisms of …

A pilot program was undertaken in immune gene discovery in two sister species of
litopenaeid shrimp, the Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei and the Atlantic white …

Bacterial transformation, a programmed mechanism for genetic exchange originally
discovered in Streptococcus pneumoniae, is widespread in bacteria. It is based on the …

Therapies for patients with myocardial infarction and heart failure are urgently needed, in
light of the breadth of these conditions and lack of curative treatments. To systematically …