The vertebrate control of locomotion involves all levels of the nervous system from cortex to
the spinal cord. Here, we aim to cover all main aspects of this complex behavior, from the …

Unravelling the functional operation of neuronal networks and linking cellular activity to
specific behavioural outcomes are among the biggest challenges in neuroscience. In this …

Preclinical and clinical neurophysiological and neurorehabilitation research has generated
rather surprising levels of recovery of volitional sensory-motor function in persons with …

Studies of locomotion in mice suggest that circuits controlling the alternating between left
and right limbs may have a modular organization with distinct locomotor circuits being …

Locomotion empowers animals to move. Locomotor-initiating signals from the brain are
funneled through descending neurons in the brainstem that act directly on spinal locomotor …

The organization of neural circuits that form the locomotor central pattern generator (CPG)
and provide flexor–extensor and left–right coordination of neuronal activity remains largely …

Central Pattern Generator (CPG) networks, which organize rhythmic movements, have long
served as models for neural network organization. Modulatory inputs are essential …

Central pattern generators (CPGs) are generally defined as networks of neurons capable of
enabling the production of central commands, specifically controlling stereotyped, rhythmic …

Locomotor behaviors are critical for survival and enable animals to navigate their
environment, find food and evade predators. The circuits in the brain and spinal cord that …

Key points• The organization of the spinal circuitry responsible for the generation of
locomotor rhythm and control of locomotion in mammals is largely unknown, though several …