The choriocapillaris is the innermost structure of the choroid that directly nourishes the
retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptors. This article provides an overview of its …

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia. The disease
results from the defects of insulin secretion and/or action. Resveratrol is a non-flavonoid …

The development of therapeutics for effective treatments of retinal diseases is significantly
constrained by various biological barriers. We herein report a nanomedicine strategy to …

Tissues with high metabolic rates often use lipids, as well as glucose, for energy, conferring
a survival advantage during feast and famine. Current dogma suggests that high-energy …

Pathological angiogenesis in the eye is an important feature in the pathophysiology of many
vision-threatening diseases, including retinopathy of prematurity, diabetic retinopathy, and …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus and
is characterized by degeneration of retinal neurons and neoangiogenesis, causing a severe …

Resveratrol modulates the transcription factor NF-κB, cytochrome P450 isoenzyme CYP1A1,
expression and activity of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, Fas/Fas ligand mediated …

Cataracts remain the first or second leading cause of blindness in all world regions. In the
diabetic population, cataracts not only have a 3–5 times higher incidence than in the healthy …

This review highlights the role of three key immune pathways in the pathophysiology of
major retinal degenerative diseases including diabetic retinopathy, age‐related macular …

Inherited retinal dystrophies (IRDs) are a large group of genetically and clinically
heterogeneous diseases characterized by the progressive degeneration of the retina …