Some recent clinical and preclinical evidence suggests that neuroinflammation is a key
factor that interacts with the three neurobiological correlates of major depressive disorder …

Depression is a common and serious disorder, characterized by symptoms like anhedonia,
lack of energy, sad mood, low appetite, and sleep disturbances. This disease is very …

Tryptophan is an essential amino acid critical for protein synthesis in humans that has
emerged as a key player in the microbiota-gut-brain axis. It is the only precursor for the …

Abstract l-Tryptophan (Trp) metabolism through the kynurenine pathway (KP) is involved in
the regulation of immunity, neuronal function and intestinal homeostasis. Imbalances in Trp …

The tryptophan (TRP)-kynurenine (KYN) metabolic pathway is a main player of TRP
metabolism through which more than 95% of TRP is catabolized. The pathway is activated …

The pro-inflammatory immune response driven by microglia is a key contributor to the
pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases. Though the research of microglia …

BACKGROUND The essential amino acid tryptophan is a substrate for the generation of
several bioactive compounds with important physiological roles. Only a small fraction of …

Significance: The nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)/reduced NAD+ (NADH) and
NADP+/reduced NADP+ (NADPH) redox couples are essential for maintaining cellular …

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a leading cause of disability worldwide, creating a high
medical and socioeconomic burden. There is a growing interest in the biological …

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which mainly includes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's
disease (CD), is a group of chronic bowel diseases that are characterized by abdominal …