Glucocorticoids, vertebrate steroid hormones produced by cells of the adrenal cortex or
interrenal tissue, function dynamically to maintain homeostasis under constantly changing …

Glycolysis, the breakdown of glucose, is one of the most conserved and extensively studied
biochemical pathways. Designing principles from chemistry and thermodynamics allow for …

Krüppel-like factor 9 (Klf9) is a ubiquitously expressed transcription factor that is a
feedforward regulator of multiple stress-responsive and endocrine signaling pathways. We …

Engineered far-from-equilibrium synthetic chemical networks that pulse or switch states in
response to environmental signals could precisely regulate the kinetics of chemical …

Dendritic spines are the primary excitatory postsynaptic sites that act as subcompartments of
signaling. Ca 2+ is often the first and most rapid signal in spines. Downstream of calcium …

Oscillations in time and space are ubiquitous in nature and play critical roles in dynamic
cellular processes. Although the molecular mechanisms underlying the generation of the …

In higher plants (eg, Arabidopsis thaliana), the core structure of the circadian clock is mostly
governed by a repression process with very few direct activators. With a series of simplified …

Gene regulatory networks are largely responsible for cellular decision-making. These
networks sense diverse external signals and respond by adjusting gene expression …

Biological circuits are responsible for transitions between cellular states in a timely fashion.
For example, stem cells switch from an undifferentiated (unstable) state to a differentiated …

Networks of interacting molecules organize topology, amount, and timing of biological
functions. Systems biology concepts required to pin down 'network motifs' or 'design …