The order of actions in contests may generate different psychological effects which, in turn,
may influence contestants' probabilities to win. The Prouhet-Thue-Morse sequence in which …

We study the impact of two basic principles of fairness on the structure of elimination-type
competitions and perform our analysis by focusing on sports competitions. The first principle …

ABSTRACT Research Question: The paper analyzes whether different kick-off times have an
effect on attendance and performance of teams in the group stage of the UEFA Europa …

This paper is an orthogonal study to that of Kendall and Lenten (2017)—on the perverse
unintended consequences of badly designed sports rules. This paper, unlike the previous …

The home advantage phenomenon is a well‐established feature in sports competitions. In
this study, we examine data from 2,013 soccer matches played in the German Bundesliga …

In 2026, the FIFA World Cup will for the first time gather 48 men's national teams. It will
consist of a group stage made of 16 groups of three, with the best two teams in each group …

The relationship between psychological pressure and performance outcomes has been
studied across a variety of sporting contexts. As an extension and complement to recent …

This paper investigates the fairness of the 2018 FIFA World Cup qualifying competition via
Monte Carlo simulations. The qualifying probabilities are calculated for 102 nations, all …

Recently, Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology use has been rising in sports to reach
decisions of various complexity. At a relatively low complexity level, for example, major …

In recent decades, soccer has become a multi-billion euro industry. 1 For example, each of
the top leagues receives more than 1 billion euros from television revenues alone. 2 Also …