All solid materials are created via nucleation. In this evolutionary process, nuclei form in
solution or at interfaces, expand by monomeric growth and oriented attachment, and …

The unique and frequently beautiful morphologies that characterize many biominerals have
long been a source of fascination. While research began by looking first at individual …

Metallic lithium anodes are highly promising for revolutionizing current rechargeable
batteries because of their ultrahigh energy density. However, the application of lithium metal …

Calcium orthophosphates are the main mineral constituents of bones and teeth, and there is
great interest in understanding the physical mechanisms that underlie their growth …

Structural biominerals are inorganic/organic composites that exhibit remarkable mechanical
properties. However, the structure–property relationships of even the simplest building unit …

In Nature living organisms use a whole range of organic-inorganic hybrid materials for a
variety of purposes, including mechanical support, navigation, protection, and defense. 1, 2 …

Acidified waters are impacting commercial oyster production in the US Pacific Northwest,
and favorable carbonate chemistry conditions are predicted to become less frequent. Within …

Natural and man-made materials often rely on functional interfaces between inorganic and
organic compounds. Examples include skeletal tissues and biominerals, drug delivery …

Nacre, or mother-of-pearl, the iridescent inner layer of many mollusk shells, is a biomineral
lamellar composite of aragonite (CaCO3) and organic sheets. Biomineralization frequently …

Crystalline polysaccharides are useful for important and rapidly growing applications
ranging from advanced energy storage, green electronics, and catalyst or enzyme supports …