Abstract In May 2014, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) stated its intent to “require
applicants to consider sex as a biological variable (SABV) in the design and analysis of NIH …

Over the past decade, the gut microbiota has received considerable attention for its
interactions with the host. Microbial β-glucuronidase generated by this community has …

How obesity and elevated androgen levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
(PCOS) affect their offspring is unclear. In a Swedish nationwide register-based cohort and a …

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most frequent endocrinopathy in women of
reproductive age. It is difficult to treat PCOS because of its complex etiology and …

Postnatal development includes dramatic changes in gonadal hormones and the many
social behaviors they help regulate, both in rodents and humans. Parental care-seeking is …

Estrogen can elicit pleiotropic cellular responses via a diversity of estrogen receptors (ERs)—
mediated genomic and rapid non-genomic mechanisms. Unlike the genomic responses …

Mitochondrial remodeling is dysregulated in metabolic diseases but the underlying
mechanism is not fully understood. We report here that BDNF (brain derived neurotrophic …

Androgens exert important effects both in androgen-responsive tissues and in the intestinal
tract. To determine the impact of the gut microbiota (GM) on intestinal androgen metabolism …

Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) is the high-affinity binding protein for androgens and
estrogens. According to the free hormone hypothesis, SHBG modulates the bioactivity of sex …

Exercise has multiple beneficial effects on health including decreasing the risk of
neurodegenerative diseases. Such effects are thought to be mediated (at least in part) by …