Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition is a dynamic process in which endothelial cells
suppress constituent endothelial properties and take on mesenchymal cell behaviors. To …

Many patients with symptoms and signs of heart failure have a left ventricular ejection
fraction≥ 50%, termed heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). HFpEF is a …

Objective: Leaflet thickening, fibrosis, and hardening are early pathological features of
calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD). An inadequate understanding of the resident aortic …

Background: Valvular calcification is central to the pathogenesis and progression of aortic
stenosis, with preclinical and observational studies suggesting that bone turnover and …

Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHVs) are commonly used to replace severely diseased heart
valves but their susceptibility to structural valve degeneration (SVD) limits their use in young …

Growing evidence suggests that ceramides play an important role in the development of
atherosclerotic and valvular heart disease. Ceramides are biologically active sphingolipids …

Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is the end result of active cellular processes that lead to
the progressive fibrosis and calcification of aortic valve leaflets. In western populations …

Vascular calcification (VC) is linked to an increased risk of heart disease, stroke, and
atherosclerotic plaque rupture. It is a cell-active process regulated by vascular cells rather …

Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is a common acquired valvulopathy, which carries a
high burden of mortality. Chronic inflammation has been postulated as the predominant …

Background and aims Activated innate immune cells infiltrating the valve and their secreted
cytokines drive the differentiation of valve interstitial cells into myofibroblastic and …