Vitamin A (retinol) is a critical micronutrient required for the control of stem cell functions, cell
differentiation, and cell metabolism in many different cell types, both during embryogenesis …

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) rely on complex regulatory networks to preserve stemness.
Due to the scarcity of HSCs, technical challenges have limited our insights into the interplay …

Vitamin A (VA), all-trans-retinol (ROL), and its analogs are collectively called retinoids.
Acting through the retinoic acid receptors RARα, RARβ, and RARγ, all-trans-retinoic acid, an …

Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a primary myocardial injury induced by diabetes with complex
pathogenesis. In this study, we identify disordered cardiac retinol metabolism in type 2 …

Disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) have improved the prognosis of
autoimmune inflammatory arthritides but a large fraction of patients display partial or …

More than 40% of individuals will develop osteoarthritis (OA) during their lifetime, yet there
are currently no licensed disease-modifying treatments for this disabling condition. Common …

Neural tube defects are the most severe congenital malformations that result from failure of
neural tube closure during early embryonic development, and the underlying molecular …

Cellular retinoic acid binding proteins (CRABP1 and CRABP2) bind all-trans-retinoic acid (at
RA), the active metabolite of vitamin A, with high affinity. CRABP1 and CRABP2 have been …

BACKGROUND: All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) promotes the osteogenic differentiation
induced by bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9), but the intrinsic relationship between …

The foundation of mammalian spermatogenesis is provided by undifferentiated
spermatogonia, which comprise of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) and transit-amplifying …