Crystalline silicon (c-Si) photovoltaics has long been considered energy intensive and
costly. Over the past decades, spectacular improvements along the manufacturing chain …

The global photovoltaic (PV) market is dominated by crystalline silicon (c-Si) based
technologies with heavily doped, directly metallized contacts. Recombination of photo …

In the first part of this paper, we review the developments which led to the present state-of-
the-art in the surface passivation of today's industrially predominant dopant-diffused …

The efficiency of photovoltaic energy conversion is a decisive factor for low-cost electricity
from renewable energies. In recent years, the efficiency of crystalline silicon solar cells in …

To further increase the conversion efficiency of crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells, it is vital to
reduce the recombination losses associated with the contacts. Therefore, a contact structure …

The perovskite/silicon tandem solar cell represents one of the most promising avenues for
exceeding the Shockley–Queisser limit for single‐junction solar cells at a reasonable cost …

Despite the maturity of crystalline silicon photovoltaics (c-Si PV), the last 6 years have seen
a string of efficiency improvements, most of which are centered around reducing the losses …

High-efficiency silicon solar cells strongly rely on an effective reduction of charge carrier
recombination at their surfaces, ie surface passivation. Today's industrial silicon solar cells …

Solar photovoltaics researchers have devoted enough time to improve the performance of
various types of high efficiency crystalline silicon based solar cells including passivated …

The carrier recombination is a major bottleneck in enhancing the power conversion
efficiency of first-generation solar cells. As a remedy, passivation minimizes the …