Advances over the past 25 years have revealed much about how the structural properties of
membranes and associated proteins are linked to the thermodynamics and kinetics of …

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are membrane proteins that traverse the plasma
membrane seven times (hence, are also called 7TM receptors). The polytopic structure of …

After synthesis, proteins are folded into their native conformations aided by molecular
chaperones. Dysfunction in folding caused by genetic mutations in numerous genes causes …

Allosteric regulation is critical for the functioning of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs)
and their signaling pathways. Endogenous allosteric regulators of GPCRs are simple ions …

A neuropeptide that directly inhibits gonadotropin secretion from the pituitary was
discovered in quail and named gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH). The presence and …

Glycoprotein hormones, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and
thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) are heterodimeric proteins with a common α-subunit and …

Approximately forty percent of diseases are attributable to protein misfolding, including those
for which genetic mutation produces misfolding mutants. Intriguingly, many of these mutants …

Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR), a G-protein coupled receptor, is an important
drug target in the development of novel therapeutics for reproductive indications. The FSHR …

The gonadotropin receptors LH receptor and FSH receptor play a central role in governing
reproductive competency/fertility. Gonadotropin hormone analogs have been used clinically …

Rhodopsin homeostasis is tightly coupled to rod photoreceptor cell survival and vision.
Mutations resulting in the misfolding of rhodopsin can lead to autosomal dominant retinitis …