Abstract Space exploration has been identified by several governments as a priority for their
space agencies and commercial industry. A good knowledge and specification of the …

Global positioning system (GPS) networks have provided an opportunity to study the
dynamics and continuous changes in the ionosphere by supplementing ionospheric studies …

In the Global Navigation Satellite System, ionospheric delay is a significant source of error.
The magnitude of the ionosphere total electron content (TEC) directly impacts the magnitude …

In this paper, a neural network based regional ionospheric model is developed using GPS-
TEC data from 01 January 2012 to 31 December 2015. For this purpose, nine GPS station …

The propagation of radio signals in the Earth's atmosphere is dominantly affected by the
ionosphere due to its dispersive nature. Global Positioning System (GPS) data provides …

Studying the variabilities from day-to-day and from hour-to-hour of the ionospheric
characteristics f0E, f0F2, M (3000) F2 and MUF (3000) F2 we have determined statistical …

A techique for filling the gaps of the missing F2-layer critical frequency is proposed and
applied for the derivation of the ionospheric weather index, characterizing the degree of …

Substantial increases of the F2 region peak electron density several hours to a day before
the geomagnetic storm onset, the so-called pre-storm enhancements, belong to still not clear …

Using hourly daily data, the average quiet-time variability of TEC is determined hour-by-hour
and month-by-month. Statistical factors related to the state of the ionospheric plasma are …

This paper attempts to describe the search for the parameter (s) to represent solar wind
effects in Global Positioning System total electron content (GPS TEC) modelling using the …