The orexin/hypocretin neuropeptide family has emerged as a focal point of neuroscientific
research following the discovery that this family plays a crucial role in a variety of …

Neurons activated by learning have been ascribed the unique potential to encode memory,
but the functional contribution of discrete cell types remains poorly understood. In particular …

Posttraumatic stress and drug use disorders may stem from aberrant memory formation. As
the endocannabinoid (eCB) system has a pivotal role in emotional memory processing and …

Return to use, or relapse, is a major challenge in the treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD).
Relapse can be precipitated by several factors, including exposure to drug-conditioned …

Recent studies have demonstrated neuroinflammation and increased cytokine levels are
associated with depression. Aware of the efficacy the potential anti-inflammatory and …

The attribution of incentive-motivational value to drug-related cues underlies relapse and
craving in drug addiction. One method of addiction treatment, cue-exposure therapy, utilizes …

In addiction, an individual's ability to inhibit drug seeking and drug taking is thought to reflect
a pathological strengthening of drug-seeking behaviors or impairments in the capacity to …

In recent years, the association between neuroinflammation and opioid dependence has
attracted considerable attention. Curcumin, a component of the Curcuma longa, has been …

It is well established that learning and memory are central to substance dependence. This
paper specifically reviews the effect of opioid withdrawal on memory consolidation. Although …

Drug withdrawal-associated aversive memories trigger relapse to drug-seeking behavior.
Corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) is an important mediator of the reinforcing properties of …