Extensive industrialization, agricultural development, and continued population growth have
triggered economic and physical water scarcity. Advanced water treatment and desalination …

Usually in electrochemical systems, the direct current densities not exceeding the limiting
current density are applied. However, the recent practice of electrodialysis evidences the …

For about 60 years, it is known that “limiting current” density does not really limit the current
density in electrodialysis (ED). The use of intensive currents allows one to decrease the area …

Electrodeionization is an ionic separation technology that initially emerged∼ 50 years ago.
In an early application, it was utilized to remove metallic species from radioactive …

Hybrid ion exchange electrodialysis, also called electrodeionization (IXED), is a technology
in which a conventional ion exchange (IX) is combined with electrodialysis (ED) to intensify …

Electrodeionization (EDI), also known as continuous deionization (CDI), is a hybrid
separation process combining ion-exchange resins with ion-exchange membranes. The EDI …

A novel clay-alumina ceramic composite membrane has been fabricated comprising of
hydroxyethyl cellulose and CuO nanoparticles for separation of Cr (VI) and Pb (II) from …

Electrodialysis (ED) is a very mature membrane separation technology. Due to its energy-
saving, environmental adaptability and flexibility, ED is used in different industries for …

Nitrate concentrations in groundwater frequently exceed permissible levels for potable water
in intensive agricultural regions. It is critical to develop highly efficient techniques for the …

Electrodeionization (EDI), which combines the advantages of electrodialysis (ED) and
conventional ion-exchange (IX) processes, has been successfully applied in the production …