Toppling is a widespread failure mode in natural and excavated anaclinal rock slopes and
threatens the construction and operation of important infrastructure such as hydropower and …

The toppling failure of anti-dip rock slopes is significantly affected by crack propagation from
non-persistent cross-joints (NPCJs). In this study, a strength-based localized maximum …

Block-flexure toppling failures in interbedded anti-inclined rock (IAR) slopes present
significant risks to infrastructure and safety. Based on the Linda landslide field …

A common instability in the rock slopes is a toppling failure. If this type of slope failure occurs
due to another kind of failure, it is considered as the secondary toppling failure. A type of …

The study utilizes the Limit Equilibrium Method (LEM) to investigate slope movements.
These movements were initially generated by construction activities at the slope's base, and …

Kizilkaya ignimbrite, characterized by a blocky structure in the Ihlara Valley (Cappadocia,
Turkey), poses many hazards to visitors and the human-made churches and dwellings …

Rainfall with heavy intensity and long duration is a main inducing factor that triggers
landslides on anti-inclined rock slopes. Numerous interbedded anti-inclined rock (IAR) …

In blocky and layered rock slopes, toppling failure is a conventional type of instability which
may occur in mining and civil engineering. If this kind of slope failure happens as a …

Stability assessments of block-flexural toppling failure using limit equilibrium methods are
significantly affected by the assumption of a single overall failure surface, and the joint …

A conventional instability of rock slopes in layer rock strata is flexural toppling, which occurs
due to bending stresses. The stability analysis of flexural toppling failure has been studied …