Spin-polarized electron tunneling is an experimental technique which has used special
properties of the superconducting state to probe spin-dependent features of the electron …

Tunneling spectroscopy has played a central role in the experimental verification of the
microscopic theory of superconductivity in classical superconductors. Initial attempts to apply …

An obstacle to the use of graphene as an alternative to silicon electronics has been the
absence of an energy gap between its conduction and valence bands, which makes it …

We investigate the electronic properties of ultrathin hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN)
crystalline layers with different conducting materials (graphite, graphene, and gold) on either …

Ferromagnetic-insulator-ferromagnetic tunneling has been measured in CoFe/A l 2 O 3/Co
or NiFe junctions. At 295, 77, and 4.2 K the fractional change in junction resistance with …

The scanning tunnelling microscope (STM) was invented by Binnig and Rohrer and
received a Nobel Prize of Physics in 1986. Together with the atomic force microscope (AFM) …

We investigate zero-bias conductance peaks that arise from coalescing subgap Andreev
states, consistent with emerging Majorana zero modes, in hybrid semiconductor …

A theory is given for three closely related effects involving a nonmagnetic electron-tunneling
barrier separating two ferromagnetic conductors. The first is Julliere's magnetic valve effect …

A method for confining electrons to artificial structures at the nanometer lengthscale is
presented. Surface state electrons on a copper (111) surface were confined to closed …

The universal anomalies in the normal state of Cu-O high-temperature superconductors
follow from a single hypothesis: There exist charge-and spin-density excitations with the …