Diabetic retinopathy is the most frequently occurring complication of diabetes mellitus and
remains a leading cause of vision loss globally. Its aetiology and pathology have been …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision-loss globally. Of an estimated 285
million people with diabetes mellitus worldwide, approximately one third have signs of DR …

Diabetic macular oedema, characterised by exudative fluid accumulation in the macula, is
the most common form of sight-threatening retinopathy in people with diabetes. It affects one …

The management of diabetic retinopathy (DR) has evolved considerably over the past
decade, with the availability of new technologies (diagnostic and therapeutic). As such, the …

Objective To assess the macular retina and choroidal thickness change in patients with
obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAS) with no significant symptoms and …

In diabetes, retinal blood flow is compromised, and retinal hypoxia is likely to be further
intensified during periods of darkness. During dark adaptation, rod photoreceptors in the …

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is increasing in prevalence due to rising obesity. While
OSA is a disorder primarily of the upper airway during sleep, its pathophysiological impact …

Diabetic macular edema (DME) is the most common cause of vision loss in patients with
type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Glycemic control, hypertension, and dyslipidemia are known to …

Aims To summarize the association between obstructive sleep apnoea and diabetic
retinopathy and diabetic maculopathy, and to examine the effects of oxygen desaturation …

Many associations between ocular disorders and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) have been
studied, such as nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, glaucoma, papilledema …