Toxin-antitoxin (TA) modules are ubiquitous gene loci among bacteria and are comprised of
a toxin part and its cognate antitoxin part. Under normal physiological conditions, antitoxin …

In their initial stages of discovery, prokaryotic toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems were confined to
bacterial plasmids where they function to mediate the maintenance and stability of usually …

The major human pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis can survive in the host organism
for decades without causing symptoms. A large cohort of Toxin–Antitoxin (TA) modules …

Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are prevalent in bacteria and archaea. Although not essential
for normal cell growth, TA systems are implicated in multiple cellular functions associated …

Toxin-antitoxin (TA) cassettes are encoded widely by bacteria. The modules typically
comprise a protein toxin and protein or RNA antitoxin that sequesters the toxin factor. Toxin …

Bacterial toxin–antitoxin (TA) systems have received increasing attention for their diverse
identities, structures, and functional implications in cell cycle arrest and survival against …

Almost all bacteria synthesize two types of toxins—one for its survival by regulating different
cellular processes and another as a strategy to interact with host cells for pathogenesis …

The Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome contains an abundance of toxin-antitoxin (TA)
systems, 50 of which belong to the VapBC family. The activity of VapC toxins is controlled by …

Protein–Protein interactions (PPIs) are involved in a myriad of cellular processes in all living
organisms and the modulation of PPIs is already under investigation for the development of …

The identification of novel targets for antimicrobial agents is crucial for combating infectious
diseases caused by evolving bacterial pathogens. Components of bacterial toxin–antitoxin …