Cigarette smoking is the single most important risk factor for the development of
cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases (CVPD). Although cigarette smoking has been in …

Nicotine is a highly addictive drug found in tobacco that drives its continued use despite the
harmful consequences. The initiation of nicotine abuse involves the mesolimbic dopamine …

Smoking has a profound impact on tumor immunity, and nicotine, which is the major
addictive component of smoke, is known to promote tumor progression despite being a non …

Nicotine stimulates the dopamine (DA) system, which is essential for its rewarding effect.
Nicotine is also aversive at high doses; yet, our knowledge about nicotine's dose-dependent …

Genetic variation in CHRNA5, the gene encoding the α5 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
subunit, increases vulnerability to tobacco addiction and lung cancer, but the underlying …

Imbalances in NAD+ homeostasis have been linked to aging and various diseases.
Nicotine, a metabolite of the NAD+ metabolic pathway, has been found to possess anti …

Approximately 10% of women report smoking during pregnancy. The number of
breastfeeding women who relapse back to smoking is even greater. Smoking may cause …

Smoking decreases appetite, and smokers often report that they smoke to control their
weight. Understanding the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the anorexic effects of …

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) underlies higher cognitive processes that are modulated by
nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) activation by cholinergic inputs. PFC spontaneous …

Maternal smoking during pregnancy continues to represent a major public health concern.
Nicotine is extremely harmful to the developing fetus through many different mechanisms …