Food components in our diet provide not only necessary nutrients to our body but also
substrates for the mutualistic microbial flora in our gastrointestinal tract, termed the gut …

Recent findings point toward diet having a major impact on human health. Diets can either
affect the gut microbiota resulting in alterations in the host's physiological responses or by …

The gut microbiota is a highly complex community which evolves and adapts to its host over
a lifetime. It has been described as a virtual organ owing to the myriad of functions it …

Recent years have witnessed a revolution in our understanding of microglia biology,
including their major role in the etiology and pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases …

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles with the size of 40–100 nm in diameter and a density of
1.13–1.19 g/mL, containing proteins, mRNAs, miRNAs, and DNAs. Exosomes change the …

Bioactive peptides (BP) are organic substances formed by amino acids joined by covalent
bonds known as amide or peptide bonds. Although some BP exist free in its natural source …

Exosomes secreted by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown repairing effects on
several tissue injury diseases. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of exosomes …

In this study, water-soluble polysaccharide from Arctium lappa was extracted, isolated and
purified to be a fraction (ALP-1). Characterization of structure revealed that ALP-1 was a kind …

Studies over several decades have documented the beneficial actions of n-3
polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), which are plentiful in fish oil, in different disease states …

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease with increasing incidence in the
world, especially in developing countries. Although knowledge of its pathogenesis has …