Major depression disorder (MDD) is a debilitating mental illness with significant morbidity
and mortality. Despite the growing number of studies that have emerged, the precise …

Discovering the stress-buffering effects of social relationships has been one of the major
findings in psychobiology in the last century. However, an understanding of the underlying …

Stressful experiences during early-life can modulate the genetic programming of specific
brain circuits underlying emotional and cognitive aspects of behavioral adaptation to …

Early-life stress during the prenatal and postnatal periods affects the formation of neural
networks that influence brain function throughout life. Previous studies have indicated that …

Rationale Early life stress has been implicated in many psychiatric disorders ranging from
depression to anxiety. Maternal separation in rodents is a well-studied model of early life …

ABSTRACT A close association between early‐life experience and cognitive and emotional
outcomes is found in humans. In experimental models, early‐life experience can directly …

This chapter describes the current state of knowledge regarding the developmental
neurobiology of stress, its relation to psychiatric disorders, and the impact of early adverse …

Chronic early-life stress (ES) exerts profound acute and long-lasting effects on the
hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system, with relevance to cognitive function and affective …

Exposure to stress is inevitable, and it may occur, to varying degrees, at different phases
throughout the lifespan. The impact of stress experienced in later life has been well …

Prenatal stress is considered as an early epigenetic factor able to induce long‐lasting
alterations in brain structures and functions. It is still unclear whether prenatal stress can …