Granulocyte macrophage‐colony stimulating factor (GM‐CSF) is a hematopoietic growth
factor, which stimulates the proliferation of granulocytes and macrophages from bone …

The cytokine, granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), was firstly
identified as being able to induce in vitro the proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow …

The increasing incidence in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) during the last decades in industrialized
countries might be linked to a change in dietary habits. Nowadays, enhanced salt content is …

Macrophage polarization plays an important role in tissue damage and repair. In this study,
we show that Substance-P (SP) can directly induce M2 polarization of inflammatory …

Granulocyte Macrophage-Colony Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) is a myelopoietic growth
factor that has pleiotropic effects not only in promoting the differentiation of immature …

Objective AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is metabolic biosensor with anti-
inflammatory activities. Gout is commonly associated with excesses in soluble urate and in …

Macrophages are mononuclear phagocytes derived from haematopoietic progenitors that
are widely distributed throughout the body. These cells participate in both innate and …

The classical paradigm of tuberculosis (TB) immunity, with a central protective role for Th1
responses and IFN-γ-stimulated cellular responses, has been challenged by unsatisfactory …

Wound healing is achieved through distinct programmed phases: hemostasis, inflammation,
mesenchymal cell proliferation and migration, and tissue remodeling. At the injury site, clot …

Subverting the host immune response to inhibit inflammation is a key virulence strategy of
Yersinia pestis. The inflammatory cascade is tightly controlled via the sequential action of …