Big tech mergers are frequently occurring events. What are the competitive effects of these
mergers? With the help of a simple model we identify the acquisition of potential competitors …

Abstract Over the period 2015–2017, the five giant technologically leading firms, Google,
Amazon, Facebook, Apple and Microsoft (GAFAM) acquired 175 companies, from small …

Should internet era merger policy differ from industrial era merger policy? Platform
ecosystems rely on economies of scale, data-driven economies of scope, high-quality …

The goal of antitrust policy is to protect and promote a vigorous competitive process.
Effective rivalry spurs firms to introduce new and innovative products, as they seek to …

Google and Apple's smartphone and tablet 'app'stores are facing significant antitrust scrutiny
in Europe, culminating in enforcement action by the European Commission and specific …

We revisit the economics of “platform envelopment strategies,” whereby a dominant platform
(the enveloper) operating in a multi-sided market (the origin market) enters a second multi …

This article provides a theory of strategic innovation project choice by incumbents and start‐
ups which serves as a foundation for the analysis of acquisition policy. We show that, in spite …

Abstract The European Commission announced in its Data Strategy (2020) its intentions to
propose an enabling legislative framework for the governance of common European data …

Big Tech companies such as Alphabet (Google), Apple, Meta (Facebook), Alibaba, and
Tencent have repeatedly demonstrated their capability to integrate multiple digital platforms …

This article analyses the crucial role of user data for digital markets contestability and
presents policy proposals devised to address growing concerns about the dominance of …