The purpose of this study is to explore the possibilities for the application of laser therapy in
medicine and dentistry by analyzing lasers' underlying mechanism of action on different …

Accumulating evidence indicates that intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS)
production is highly involved in bone homeostasis by intervening osteoclast or osteoblast …

Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy, previously known as low-level laser therapy, was
discovered more than 50 years ago, yet there is still no agreement on the parameters and …

Purpose: Low level laser therapy (LLLT) in the visible to near infrared spectral band (390–
1100 nm) is absorption of laser light at the electronic level, without generation of heat. It may …

In the physiological condition, the skeletal system's bone resorption and formation are in
dynamic balance, called bone homeostasis. However, bone homeostasis is destroyed under …

Background Bone tissue engineering is a new concept bringing hope for the repair of large
bone defects, which remains a major clinical challenge. The formation of vascularized bone …

Transcranial low‐level laser (light) therapy (LLLT) is a new non‐invasive approach to
treating a range of brain disorders including traumatic brain injury (TBI). We (and others) …

Since the reporting of Endre Mester's results, researchers have investigated the biological
effects induced by non-ionizing radiation emitted from low-power lasers. Recently, owing to …

Photobiomodulation (PBM) has been used for bone regenerative purposes in different fields
of medicine and dentistry, but contradictory results demand a skeptical look for its potential …

Tissue engineering aims to take advantage of the ability of undifferentiated stem cells to
differentiate into multiple cell types to repair damaged tissue. Photobiomodulation uses …