Neutral beam injection (NBI) based on a negative ion source is one of the basic heating and
current drive systems designed for ITER required to reach its goals of the operation with high …

In this paper, we present some of the most significant recent results that characterize the
state of the art in the development of sub-THz and THz gyrotrons at IAP-RAS and FIR-UF …

This article describes the DEMO cryostat, the vacuum vessel, and the tokamak building as
well as the system configurations to integrate the main in-vessel components and auxiliary …

This paper revisits a number of key aspects of plasma initiation, aiming to clarify concepts,
provide definitions and improve understanding, in view of ITER First Plasma operation. It …

We present state-of-the-art computations of propagation and absorption of electron cyclotron
waves, retaining the effects of scattering due to electron density fluctuations. In ITER …

The application of radio frequency (RF) vacuum electronics for the betterment of the human
condition began soon after the invention of the first vacuum tubes in the 1920s and has not …

This paper presents the progress of performance tests of ITER gyrotrons developed at QST
and the design of dual-frequency (170 GHz and 104 GHz) gyrotrons to enhance various …

Modeling tokamaks enables a deeper understanding of how to run and control our
experiments and how to design stable and reliable reactors. We model tokamaks to …

Time-dependent simulations are used to evolve plasma discharges in combination with a
modified Rutherford equation for calculation of neoclassical tearing mode (NTM) stability in …

The control of 2/1 neoclassical tearing modes (NTMs) with electron cyclotron (EC) waves
has been studied both experimentally and numerically on TCV. Dynamic evolutions of NTMs …