Plant resource allocation patterns often reveal tradeoffs that favor growth (G) over defense
(D), or vice versa. Ecologists most often explain G–D tradeoffs through principles of …

Plants are sessile organisms that, once germinated, have to cope with in situ environmental
conditions for the rest of their life span. These conditions may be favourable for growth and …

Outbreaks of tree-killing insects are intensifying globally, affecting economies, human well-
being, and driving ecosystem transitions. The Czech Republic has recently become …

Resilience and functionality of European Norway spruce forests are increasingly threatened
by mass outbreaks of the bark beetle Ips typographus promoted by heat, wind throw and …

Climate change is expected to pose a global threat to forest health by intensifying extreme
events like drought and insect attacks. Carbon allocation is a fundamental process that …

Central Europe was hit by several unusually strong periods of drought and heat between
2018 and 2020. These droughts affected forest ecosystems. Cascading effects with bark …

Drought has promoted large‐scale, insect‐induced tree mortality in recent years, with severe
consequences for ecosystem function, atmospheric processes, sustainable resources and …

Drought affects the complex interactions between Norway spruce, the bark beetle Ips
typographus and associated microorganisms. We investigated the interplay of tree water …

Trade‐offs among carbon sinks constrain how trees physiologically, ecologically, and
evolutionarily respond to their environments. These trade‐offs typically fall along a …

Two simplifying hypotheses have been proposed for whole‐plant respiration. One links
respiration to photosynthesis; the other to biomass. Using a first‐principles carbon balance …