The extensive oxygen gradient between the air we breathe (Po2~ 21 kPa) and its ultimate
distribution within mitochondria (as low as~ 0.5–1 kPa) is testament to the efforts expended …

The early observations on the rate-of-living theory by Max Rubner and the report by
Gershman that oxygen free radicals exist in vivo culminated in the seminal proposal in the …

The ancestors of marine mammals once roamed the land and independently committed to
an aquatic lifestyle. These macroevolutionary transitions have intrigued scientists for …

While cellular responses to low oxygen (O 2) or hypoxia have been studied extensively, the
precise identity of mammalian cellular O 2 sensors remains controversial. Using murine …

Ischemic stroke is a severe and acute neurological disorder with limited therapeutic
strategies currently available. Oxidative stress is one of the critical pathological factors in …

Low levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can function as redox-active signaling
messengers, whereas high levels of ROS induce cellular damage. Menadione generates …

Fetal hearts show a remarkable ability to develop under hypoxic conditions. The metabolic
flexibility of fetal hearts allows sustained development under low oxygen conditions. In fact …

Many organisms activate adaptive transcriptional programs to help them cope with
decreased oxygen (O2) levels, or hypoxia, in their environment. These responses are …

Inherent and acquired resistance pathways account for the high rate of failure in cancer
chemotherapy. The mechanisms or pathways mediating resistance may be classified as …

This study aimed to develop and compare single and multiple 3D models such as
multicellular tumor spheroids and to investigate the influence of Matrigel on their …